Which type of RNA primarily involves in the initiation of protein synthesis?

The correct answer is mRNA, which stands for messenger RNA. During the process of protein synthesis, mRNA serves as the template that carries genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where protein synthesis occurs.

In the initiation phase of protein synthesis, mRNA binds to the ribosome, facilitating the assembly of the ribosomal subunits. This binding sets the stage for the subsequent steps where transfer RNA (tRNA) will deliver amino acids according to the sequence of codons found on the mRNA. The sequence of nucleotides in the mRNA determines the specific order in which amino acids are added to the growing polypeptide chain, ultimately leading to the formation of a functional protein.

While rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is a component of the ribosome and plays a critical role in the structure and function of the ribosome itself, its primary role is not in the initiation of protein synthesis but rather in the overall process of translation. tRNA is essential for bringing the correct amino acids to the ribosome based on the codons in the mRNA, but it is mRNA that initiates this process. snRNA (small nuclear RNA) has roles in RNA splicing within the nucleus