Which statement is true about the properties of chromosomes?

The statement that chromosomes contain the genetic material DNA is accurate because chromosomes are structures within the cell's nucleus that carry genetic information. They are composed of DNA tightly coiled around proteins called histones, which help to package the DNA efficiently and protect it. This genetic material is crucial for inheritance, determining physical traits, and influencing various biological functions and processes within an organism.

In contrast to the other statements, chromosomes do not play a role in nutrient absorption; that function is performed by different cellular components and systems. While proteins are indeed a part of the chromosome structure, they are not made entirely of proteins since their fundamental composition includes significant amounts of DNA. Furthermore, chromosomes are essential in affecting cellular behavior, as the genes they carry dictate how cells respond and behave in different environments and during various processes, such as growth and reproduction.