What is the definition of a control group in an experiment?

A control group in an experiment is defined as a group that continues under existing conditions. This means that the control group is not exposed to the experimental treatment or any new variable that is being tested. The primary purpose of the control group is to serve as a standard of comparison for the experimental group, which is subjected to the treatment or changes in conditions.

By keeping the control group under existing conditions, researchers can observe any differences that arise as a result of the treatment applied to the experimental group. This comparison helps in determining the effects of the experimental treatment more clearly. In essence, the control group provides a baseline that helps in identifying how much of the observed outcomes in the experimental group can be attributed to the treatment itself as opposed to other external factors. This is crucial for ensuring the validity and reliability of the experimental results.