What is referred to as a change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated?

A change to a chromosome where part of the chromosome is repeated is known as duplication. In this process, a segment of the chromosome is copied and inserted back into the same chromosome, resulting in multiple copies of that segment. This can have various effects on the organism, potentially leading to developmental and genetic disorders depending on the genes that are affected by the duplication.

In contrast, the other terms describe different types of chromosomal alterations. Inversion involves a segment of a chromosome being reversed end to end, which does not involve duplication of genetic material but rather reorientation. Translocation refers to parts of chromosomes breaking off and attaching to other chromosomes, leading to an exchange of segments between non-homologous chromosomes. Finally, deletion is the loss of a segment of the chromosome, meaning that some genetic material is completely removed rather than repeated. Understanding these terms is vital for studying genetics and chromosome behavior in organisms.