What is produced as a byproduct of fatty acid breakdown in peroxisomes?

During the breakdown of fatty acids in peroxisomes, hydrogen peroxide is produced as a byproduct. This process is essential for the metabolism of very long-chain fatty acids, which are broken down into smaller acyl units. The enzymatic reactions that occur in peroxisomes involve the oxidation of the fatty acids, during which electrons are transferred to oxygen, resulting in the formation of hydrogen peroxide.

Hydrogen peroxide is notable due to its reactive nature and potential to cause cellular damage if not properly managed. In peroxisomes, this byproduct is quickly converted into water and oxygen by the enzyme catalase, helping to mitigate its harmful effects. This dual role of peroxisomes in fatty acid metabolism and reactive oxygen species detoxification emphasizes their importance in cellular health and metabolic processes.

The other options do not accurately represent the byproducts of fatty acid breakdown in peroxisomes. Oxygen itself is not a direct byproduct; rather, it is involved in the reactions. Carbon dioxide is produced through different metabolic pathways, primarily in the mitochondria during cellular respiration. Glucose is not produced during the breakdown of fatty acids; instead, it is generally synthesized through processes like gluconeogenesis. Thus, hydrogen peroxide is the correct answer as it