What does the cytoplasm refer to in a cell?

The cytoplasm refers to the substance located between the plasma membrane and the nucleus of a cell. This includes not only the gel-like fluid known as cytosol but also the various organelles that reside within it, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus.

Understanding this definition is important in the context of cellular biology, as the cytoplasm plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of the cell, facilitating the movement of materials around the cell, and providing a medium for biochemical reactions to occur, supporting cellular function and metabolism. In contrast, the outer cell membrane serves to protect the cell and control what enters and exits, while the nucleus houses the genetic material and regulates cellular activities. The energy production center of the cell, which is often referred to as the mitochondria, is located within the cytoplasm itself, highlighting the distinct roles of these cellular components.