What are unsaturated fats characterized by?

Unsaturated fats are characterized by the presence of at least one double bond between the carbon atoms in their fatty acid chains. This structural feature distinguishes them from saturated fats, which contain only single bonds and are typically solid at room temperature. The formation of double bonds introduces kinks in the fatty acid chains, preventing them from packing closely together and thus making unsaturated fats liquid at room temperature.

The presence of double bonds affects not only the physical properties of the fats but also their health implications. Unsaturated fats, which can be found in sources such as olive oil, avocados, and nuts, are considered to be healthier alternatives compared to saturated fats, typically found in animal products, which can contribute to health issues when consumed in excess.

In summary, the defining characteristic of unsaturated fats is the inclusion of at least one double bond within their molecular structure, which influences both their physical properties and health effects.