What are chromosomes that are not involved in determining the sex of an individual called?

The correct choice is autosomes. Autosomes are chromosomes that do not play a role in determining the sex of an individual. Instead, they contain the majority of an organism's genetic information and are present in pairs in diploid organisms, which include humans. Humans have 22 pairs of autosomes, which carry genes related to various traits and functions of the body, such as eye color, height, and metabolism.

Sex chromosomes, on the other hand, are the specialized chromosomes that do influence an individual’s sex. In humans, these are the X and Y chromosomes. Gametes refer to the reproductive cells (sperm and eggs) that carry half the genetic information and help in reproduction. Alleles are different forms of a gene that exist for a specific trait but do not specifically describe the chromosomes themselves. Thus, the distinguishing characteristic of autosomes being unrelated to the determination of sex makes it the correct answer in this context.