In which type of cells are multiple rod-shaped chromosomes found?

Multiple rod-shaped chromosomes are characteristic of eukaryotic cells, which are cells that contain a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. In eukaryotic cells, chromosomes are organized into pairs and reside in the nucleus, allowing for a more complex organization of genetic material compared to prokaryotic cells, where DNA is found in a singular, circular form within the nucleoid region.

Eukaryotic organisms, which include animals, plants, fungi, and some protists, undergo processes such as mitosis and meiosis for cell division, promoting genetic diversity and allowing for more intricate regulatory mechanisms involving the chromosomes. This structural organization into multiple rod-shaped chromosomes supports the complex processes of gene expression, regulation, and cellular function that are hallmarks of eukaryotic life.

The other options do not accurately describe cells with multiple rod-shaped chromosomes: prokaryotic cells typically contain a single circular chromosome; unicellular organisms can be either prokaryotic or eukaryotic; and bacterial cells, which are prokaryotic, also feature a single circular chromosome. Thus, the presence of multiple rod-shaped chromosomes is distinctly associated with eukaryotic cells.