How do sex-linked disorders typically get passed on?

Sex-linked disorders are typically passed on through the X or Y chromosomes, which are the sex chromosomes that determine an individual's sex. Most commonly, sex-linked disorders are associated with the X chromosome because it carries many genes that are involved in various physiological functions. When a mutation occurs on the X chromosome, it can lead to disorders such as hemophilia or color blindness.

In males, who have one X and one Y chromosome, a disorder linked to the X chromosome will manifest if they inherit that affected X, because there is no second X to counteract the mutation. Females, on the other hand, have two X chromosomes, and thus can be carriers of the disorder without showing symptoms if the second X chromosome does not carry the mutation.

The Y chromosome is involved in male sex determination and carries fewer genes compared to the X chromosome. Disorders linked to the Y chromosome are less common and generally affect traits associated with male characteristics or fertility. Therefore, while both the X and Y chromosomes contribute to the inheritance of sex-linked characteristics, the X chromosome is primarily responsible for the majority of sex-linked disorders.

This understanding highlights the reason why the chosen answer encompasses both the X and Y chromosomes, marking it as the correct choice in the context of inheritance patterns of sex