How do earthworms obtain energy from their environment?

Earthworms obtain energy from their environment through saprotrophic feeding, which means they derive nutrients from organic matter. They play a crucial role in the ecosystem by breaking down decaying plant material and other organic waste. As they consume soil and organic matter, earthworms digest this material, extracting nutrients and energy during the process.

This method of feeding not only provides the earthworms with the energy they need to thrive, but also enriches the soil with valuable nutrients during digestion, enhancing soil quality and structure. Their activity contributes to the decomposition process and affects nutrient cycling, which benefits plants and contributes to overall soil health.

In contrast, other options do not accurately reflect the feeding habits of earthworms. They do not engage in photosynthesis, as they lack the necessary chlorophyll and structures to capture sunlight. Additionally, being an organism that derives energy from dead organic material, they do not predate on other animals and are not carnivorous. Therefore, understanding that earthworms are saprotrophic highlights their essential role in nutrient recycling and soil health in the ecosystem.